Maurice Allais (1911 -)
Premiu Nobel 1988
Economist francez de orientare liberala, profesor Scoala Nationala Superioara Franceza din Mine, Paris. Obtine Premiul Nobel in Economie in 1988 pentru contributiile sale pioniere la teoria comportamentului pietelor si eficienta utilizare a resurselor.
A avut o contributie semnificativa la revitalizarea teoriei cantitative a banilor, la descoperirea Paradoxului Allais, precum si in studiul echilibrului economic general. In doua lucrari publicate in anii '40 a studiat problema monopolurilor statului in domeniul serviciilor publice. A fundamentat teoria determinarii pretului optim al bunurilor si serviciilor furnizate de monopoluri, astfel incat acestea sa aiba eficienta maxima si sa continue sa ofere servicii superioare din punct de vedere calitativ. Teoriile sale au oferit posibilitatea monopolurilor de stat sa-si organizeze activitatea prin aplicarea principiilor economiei de piata.
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Alte lucrari ale lui Maurice Allais
- A La Recherche d'une Discipline Économique, 1943.
- Economie Pure et Rendement Social, 1945.
- Prolégomenes a la Reconstruction économique du Monde, 1945.
- Abondance ou Misère, 1946.
- Économie et Intérêt, 2 volume, 1947.
- "Le Probleme de la Coordination des Transports et la Théorie Économique", 1947, Revue d'Economie Politique.
- "Le Role de Mathematiques en Economie", 1949, Metroeconomica.
- Traite d'Economie Pure, 1953 (new edition of Allais,1943).
- "L'Extension des Théories de l'Equilibre économique général et due Rendement social au cas du Risque", 1953, Econometrica.
- "La Psychologie de l'Homme rationnel devant le Risque: La théorie et l'experience", 1953, Journal de la Societe Statistique de Paris.
- "Le Comportement de l'Homme Rationnel devant le Risque: Critique des postulats et axiomes de l'École Americaine", 1953, Econometrica.
- "Les theories de la psychologie du risque de l'ecole americaine", 1954, Revue d'Economie Politique.
- "Fondemonts d'une Théorie positive des Choix comportant un Risque et Critique des postulats et axiomes de l'École Americaine", 1954, Actes du Colloque International sur le Risque.
- Les Equations fondamentales entre quantites globales, 1954.
- "Puissance et Dangers de l'Utilisation de l'Outil Mathematique en Economique", 1954, Econometrica.
- "Explanation of Economic Cycles by a Non-linear Monetary Model with Lagged Relations", 1956, Metroeconomica.
- "Influence du Coefficient capitalistique sur le Revenue réel par Tête", 1960, Bulletin d'Institut International de Statistique.
- "The Influence of the Capital-Output Ratio on Real National Income", 1962, Econometrica.
- "The Role of Capital in Economic Development", 1965, in Econometric Approach to Development Planning.
- "A Restatement of the Quantity Theory of Money", 1966, AER.
- "Some Analytical and Practical Aspects of the Theory of Capital", 1967, in Malinvaud and Bacharach, eds, Activity Analysis in the Theory of Growth and Planning.
- "The Conditions of Efficiency in an Economy", 1968, Economia Internazionale.
- "Economics as a Science", 1968, Cahiers Vilfredo Pareto.
- "Growth and Inflation", 1969, JMCB.
- "Theories of General Economic Equilibrium and Maximum Efficiency", 1971, Revue d'Economie Politique.
- "Forgetfulness and Interest", 1972, JMCB.
- "The General Theory of Surplus and Pareto's Fundamental Contribution", 1973, Revue d'Economie Politique.
- "The Psychological Rate of Interest", 1974, JMCB.
- "The Hereditary and Relativistic Formulation of the Demand for Money", 1975, AER.
- L'Impôt sur le Capital et la Réforme Monetaire, 1977.
- "The So-Called Allais Paradox and Rational Decisions Under Uncertainty", 1979, in Allais and Hagen, editors, Expected Utility Hypothesis and the Allais Paradox.
- "La Théorie Générale des Surplus", 1981, Economies et Societes.
- "Fréquence, Probabilité et Hasard", 1983, Journal de la Societe Statistique de Paris.
- "The Foundations of the Theory of Utility and Risk", 1984, in Hagen and Wenstop, editors, Progress in Decision Theory.
- "Determination of Cardinal Utility According to an Intrinsic Invariant Model", 1986, in Dabone et al, editors, Recent Developments in the Foundations of Utility and Risk Theory.
- "The Concepts of Surplus and Loss and the Reformulation of the Theories of Stable Economic Equilibrium and Maximum Efficiency", 1986, in Baranzini and Scazzieri, editors, Foundations of Economics.
- "Economic Surplus and the Equimarginal Principle", 1987, in Eatwell et al., editors, New Palgrave.
- "The Credit Mechanism and its Implications", 1987, in Feiwel, editor, Essays in Honor of K.J. Arrow.
- "The General Theory of Random Choices in Relation to the Invariant Cardinal Utility Function and the Specific Probability Function", 1988, in Munier, editor, Risk, Decision and Rationality.
- "L'Economie des Infastructures de Transport et le Fondemonts du Calcul Économique", 1989, Revue d'Economie Politique.
- Autoportraits: Une vie, une oeuvre, 1989.
- "My Life Philosophy", 1989, American Economist.
- La Théorie Général des Surplus, 1989. (reprint of 1981)
- Pour la Réforme de la Fiscalité, 1990.
- Pour l'Indexation, 1990.
- "Cardinal Utility: History, empirical findings and applications, an overview", 1991, Theory and Decision.
- La crise mondiale aujourd'hui, 1999
- "L'éclatante faillite du nouveau credo", 1999, Le Figaro